全集 导演:菲利普·拉科特
Di□fe□entphilosophicalsch□□lshaveoff□redvariousinterpr□tationsofRenZhaDeB□nY□an□□nConfucianism,Re□isseen□□a□inh□ren□qualitythatcanb□cultiv□tedthrougheduca□ion,self-□is□ipline,andmoral□ractice.Menc□us,apr□min□nt□onf□cia□thinker□arguedt□ath□□□□being□arebo□nwithaninna□es□nseofg□odness,whichc□□ben□rture□and□□velopedthroughpro□erguidancea□d□ducat□on□Xun□i,ano□herC□□□ucianphilosopher,□ookamor□□essimisticview□□uggestingthathumannatu□eisinhere□tlyse□□ishandthatmo□□□virtu□smustb□imposedt□roughstr□ctsocialnormsandi□stitutio□s.□/p>
Di□□e□entphilosophica□sc□ool□ha□eof□eredv□r□ousin□e□pretations□f□enZhaDeBenY□a□.InCon□□cianis□,Ren□sseenas□ninh□ren□q□alitytha□canbec□ltivatedthrough□ducation,s□lf-□isc□pl□□e,andmoralpr□cti□e.□□nciu□,aprominen□Co□fucianthi□ker,arguedtha□humanb□ing□are□□rnwithanin□atesen□eo□goodn□s□,whichcanbenurturedand□□velope□t□□o□□hpropergu□dance□□deduc□t□□n.Xu□zi,another□on□ucian□□□losopher,□□oka□orepe□□i□isti□view,sugg□□tingtha□humannatureisinher□ntlys□lfishand□hatmoralvirtu□smustbeimpos□dthroughstrictsocia□normsandinst□tution□.
Differentphil□sophic□□schoolshaveofferedvari□usinterpre□atio□sofRenZhaDeBenYu□n□In□onfucianis□,R□nisseenasa□i□here□tqualityth□tcanbeculti□□te□throughedu□ation,s□lf-disc□□lin□,a□dmor□lpractic□.Me□cius,aprominentConfuciant□inker,□rguedtha□humanbei□□sarebornwitha□inn□tesenseofgoodnes□,which□□nb□nurturedan□developedt□ro□ghprop□r□□idanceand□ducation.Xu□zi,□nothe□Co□fu□ianph□l□sopher,to□kam□r□pessimistic□iew,sugge□ti□gthathumannatureis□□he□entlyse□□□shandthatmora□virtues□u□tbeimposedthroughstrictso□ial□or□sandinstituti□ns□Diff□rentphilosophicalschool□hav□offeredvari□usi□te□p□etationsofRenZha□e□□nYuan.InCon□□cianism,□en□□s□ena□aninher□ntqual□tythat□anbecul□iva□edthrougheducat□on,□elf-disc□pline□a□d□oral□□actice.Mencius,aprominent□onfuciant□inker,argue□□hathu□anb□□ngsarebor□withaninn□tes□□seof□oodne□s,w□i□hcanbenurt□reda□ddevelopedthr□□ghproperguidanceandeducation.Xunzi,anoth□rC□nfucianphilosoph□r,t□o□amorepessimisticview,suggestingthathu□a□natureisinherentlyself□sha□dth□tmoralvirtuesmustb□i□□osedthroughs□r□ctsocial□ormsandi□stitutions. ... 详情
Dif□erent□hilo□ophicals□h□ols□ave□ffere□v□rio□sinterpretationsofRen□haDeBenYuan□I□Co□fu□□anism,R□ni□seenasaninherent□ua□itythatcanbecu□tivat□d□h□ough□□ucati□□□self-discipline,andm□□alpractice.Mencius,aprom□□entConfucia□thinker,□rgue□thathum□n□□ingsa□ebornw□thaninnatesenseofgo□□n□s□□which□anbe□ur□uredanddevelopedt□rough□roperguidanc□andeduca□io□□□unzi,anotherConfu□ianphil□sopher,□ookamore□ess□misticview,□ugges□ingthathum□□natureisinh□rentl□□elfishand□□at□oralv□rtues□ustbeimposedthro□ghstrictsocialnorm□an□□nst□tutions□
Di□fe□entphilosophicalsch□□lshaveoff□redvariousinterpr□tationsofRenZhaDeB□nY□an□□nConfucianism,Re□isseen□□a□inh□ren□qualitythatcanb□cultiv□tedthrougheduca□ion,self-□is□ipline,andmoral□ractice.Menc□us,apr□min□nt□onf□cia□thinker□arguedt□ath□□□□being□arebo□nwithaninna□es□nseofg□odness,whichc□□ben□rture□and□□velopedthroughpro□erguidancea□d□ducat□on□Xun□i,ano□herC□□□ucianphilosopher,□ookamor□□essimisticview□□uggestingthathumannatu□eisinhere□tlyse□□ishandthatmo□□□virtu□smustb□imposedt□roughstr□ctsocialnormsandi□stitutio□s.□/p>
Di□□e□entphilosophica□sc□ool□ha□eof□eredv□r□ousin□e□pretations□f□enZhaDeBenY□a□.InCon□□cianis□,Ren□sseenas□ninh□ren□q□alitytha□canbec□ltivatedthrough□ducation,s□lf-□isc□pl□□e,andmoralpr□cti□e.□□nciu□,aprominen□Co□fucianthi□ker,arguedtha□humanb□ing□are□□rnwithanin□atesen□eo□goodn□s□,whichcanbenurturedand□□velope□t□□o□□hpropergu□dance□□deduc□t□□n.Xu□zi,another□on□ucian□□□losopher,□□oka□orepe□□i□isti□view,sugg□□tingtha□humannatureisinher□ntlys□lfishand□hatmoralvirtu□smustbeimpos□dthroughstrictsocia□normsandinst□tution□.
Differentphil□sophic□□schoolshaveofferedvari□usinterpre□atio□sofRenZhaDeBenYu□n□In□onfucianis□,R□nisseenasa□i□here□tqualityth□tcanbeculti□□te□throughedu□ation,s□lf-disc□□lin□,a□dmor□lpractic□.Me□cius,aprominentConfuciant□inker,□rguedtha□humanbei□□sarebornwitha□inn□tesenseofgoodnes□,which□□nb□nurturedan□developedt□ro□ghprop□r□□idanceand□ducation.Xu□zi,□nothe□Co□fu□ianph□l□sopher,to□kam□r□pessimistic□iew,sugge□ti□gthathumannatureis□□he□entlyse□□□shandthatmora□virtues□u□tbeimposedthroughstrictso□ial□or□sandinstituti□ns□Diff□rentphilosophicalschool□hav□offeredvari□usi□te□p□etationsofRenZha□e□□nYuan.InCon□□cianism,□en□□s□ena□aninher□ntqual□tythat□anbecul□iva□edthrougheducat□on,□elf-disc□pline□a□d□oral□□actice.Mencius,aprominent□onfuciant□inker,argue□□hathu□anb□□ngsarebor□withaninn□tes□□seof□oodne□s,w□i□hcanbenurt□reda□ddevelopedthr□□ghproperguidanceandeducation.Xunzi,anoth□rC□nfucianphilosoph□r,t□o□amorepessimisticview,suggestingthathu□a□natureisinherentlyself□sha□dth□tmoralvirtuesmustb□i□□osedthroughs□r□ctsocial□ormsandi□stitutions.