□i□f□rentphi□osophic□lsch□o□□hav□of□eredvari□□sin□erpr□tatio□sof□enZhaDe□□nY□an.InConfucia□□sm,Renisse□nasaninherentqual□tythatcanbe□□□tiv□tedthrou□heducation,s□lf-discip□ine,and□or□lpractic□.Menci□s,apro□inentCon□uci□nthink□r,a□guedthathum□nbeingsarebornwithaninnatesenseofgo□dness,wh□c□canbenurtureda□d□e□elo□e□th□oughp□operguidan□e□nded□cati□n.Xunzi,an□therCo□fuc□anphilo□ophe□,too□am□repe□simisticvie□,suggestingt□athumanna□u□eisinherentlyselfishandt□atmoralvirtu□sm□stbeimp□sed□hrough□□r□ctso□ialnormsandinst□tutio□s. □iff□rentphi□osoph□ca□schoo□shaveoff□□edvar□ousinterp□etat□onsofRe□ZhaDeB□nYuan.InConfuc□an□sm,Renis□□enas□ninherentqualitythatcanb□cultivated□hroug□e□ucation,self-d□sci□□ine,andmoralp□act□ce.Mencius,aprominentC□n□□□ian□hi□ker,arg□edth□thuman□□i□□sare□ornwithaninnatesen□e□fgo□□□ess,whic□c□nb□n□rt□reda□ddeve□opedt□rou□hproperguidanc□an□education.□unzi,□□otherConfuci□np□il□sop□er,too□□mo□epe□s□mis□icview,sug□est□ng□ha□humannatureisinhe□entlyse□fishandt□atmoralvirtuesmustbeimpo□edth□□ughstrictsocial□ormsandinst□tutions□□□□> Di□ferentphil□sophicalsc□oolsh□veof□er□dvariousin□e□preta□ionsofRenZhaDeB□nYuan.InC□nfucia□i□□,Renis□ee□asaninh□rentq□al□tythatc□nbecultiv□□edthro□ghed□□ation,self-disc□pline,□ndmoralp□ac□ice.Me□cius,apromi□□nt□on□ucia□think□r,arguedthathu□a□beings□re□orn□ithan□□natese□seofgoo□ness,□□□c□c□nbenurt□redandd□□elopedthroughpr□□ergu□dan□eanded□ca□□on.Xunzi,□nothe□Confuci□np□il□so□her□□ookamor□pessimis□icview,□ug□estingth□thu□a□nature□sinh□re□t□ys□lfisha□□that□or□lvir□□e□mustbeimpos□□t□r□□gh□trictsoc□□lnormsandinst□tutions. Diff□r□ntphi□o□□phicalsch□ols□aveoffer□dv□ri□u□interpretatio□s□fRen□haDeBe□Yuan.I□C□nfuc□anis□□Ren□sseenas□□□nherentqualitythatcanbecultivate□thr□u□heducatio□,se□f-d□scipl□ne,□ndmoralpra□tice□M□ncius,aprominentConfuci□nth□nker,ar□ued□hath□manbei□gsa□eb□rnwi□haninnatesenseofgoodness,wh□chcanb□nurt□redanddevelopedthroug□□roper□□idan□□andedu□atio□□Xunzi,anoth□rConfucianphilosop□er,tookamorep□ss□misticvie□,su□g□stingthathuman□atureisinheren□lyselfisha□dt□atmoralvir□u□smustbeim□osedthroughs□□ictsocialnorms□ndinstitutions. Dif□e□entphilosophical□choolsha□eofferedvar□ousinte□pretat□onsofRenZhaDeBenYuan.InConfu□ianism,Renis□een□saninhe□en□qualitythat□□nbec□ltivatedthroug□education,□el□□disci□line,andmoralpractice□Menc□us,ap□om□nen□C□nfuciant□inker,arguedtha□h□m□nbeingsarebor□wit□aninnatese□seo□goodness,□hichcanbenurt□redanddev□lo□□dth□o□ghproperguidanceandeducation.X□□z□,anot□erCo□fu□ia□philosopher,t□okamore□essimisticvie□,s□ggest□ngthathumann□□ure□sinherentlyselfi□handtha□□o□al□irtues□ustbeimposedthroug□str□ctsocialnor□san□institu□i□ns. Differen□philosophica□sch□olshav□of□□redvariousinterpretationsofRe□Zha□eBen□uan.InCo□fucianis□,Renisseena□□ninh□ren□qualityth□tc□n□□culti□at□dth□oughe□ucation,self□discipl□ne,□n□mora□prac□ice.Me□ci□s,aprominentCo□fuci□nth□nker,ar□u□dthathumanbei□gsare□or□withaninnate□enseofgood□ess,whichcan□enur□u□ed□nddevelope□throughpr□pergu□□ancea□deduca□□on.X□n□i,anotherConfucian□hilo□op□□r,t□okamorepessimisticview,suggestingth□thumann□tureisinherent□□selfishandth□tmor□l□irtue□mus□beim□□sed□hroughstri□ts□□ia□normsandinstitutions.□□□>