全集 导演:彼得·图万斯
□□fferentphilo□ophica□schoolshave□fferedvariousinte□preta□□onsofR□n□ha□eBe□Yuan.InConfuc□□nism,Renisseenas□nin□ere□tqu□litythatca□becultiva□e□thr□ugheducati□□,self-□iscipline,andmoralpractice□Men□ius,□prominentC□nfucianth□n□er,arguedt□ath□manbe□ngs□rebo□nwithaninnat□sen□eof□ood□ess,wh□chcanbenurtureda□□develope□t□r□ughpro□ergu□da□□eandeduca□i□n.□u□zi,ano□□erConf□c□anphilo□op□□r,tooka□or□pessimisticview,sugg□stingthath□man□atur□i□i□herent□y□elfishan□thatmor□lvirtuesmu□tbeimp□se□through□tric□social□ormsandinstitution□.
□p>Differentphilosophic□ls□hoolshaveof□eredvariousinterpret□ti□n□ofR□nZhaD□BenYuan.InConfucia□is□,Ren□sseena□aninherentq□a□itythatca□becu□tivat□d□hro□gh□du□ation,s□lf-□□scipli□e,andmoral□ractice□Mencius,apromine□□Conf□cianthinker,□r□uedthathumanbeingsarebornwithan□□□atesen□eofgoodness,whichcanbenurtu□edanddev□lopedthroughpr□perg□idan□eande□□catio□.Xunzi,a□□the□□onfuci□nphil□sopher,tookam□repessimisticvi□w□suggestingthathu□annat□reisinherentlyse□fishan□□hatm□ralvir□ues□ustbeimpose□throug□stric□socialn□□msandinstitutions.Different□hilosophicalschoo□shaveofferedvar□ou□□nterpr□tati□ns□fR□□□h□DeBenYuan.InC□nfu□□a□ism,R□n□sseenasani□herentqualit□th□tcan□ecu□tivatedthroug□edu□a□□□n,self-disci□line,and□□ra□prac□ice.Me□cius,aprominen□Confucianthink□r,arguedt□athumanb□□□gsare□ornwitha□inna□e□□nseof□□□d□ess,whichca□b□n□rtur□dandde□eloped□hro□ghpropergui□anc□andedu□ati□n.Xun□□□anotherC□nfucianphilosopher,tooka□orep□ssi□isticview,□uggestingthathuma□natureisinherentlyselfisha□□tha□mora□virt□esmustbeimposedthroug□st□i□tsocialnormsand□nsti□□□io□s.<□p>Differen□philoso□hicalschoo□shaveoffe□edvar□ousin□□rpretationso□Ren□haDe□en□uan.InCon□ucian□sm□Re□iss□□nasan□nh□r□ntq□ali□ytha□ca□bec□□tivat□dt□rough□ducation,self-di□cipl□ne,□n□mor□lpractic□.Me□cius,apromine□tConfu□i□□thinker□□□□ue□that□u□anb□ingsarebo□nwithaninna□esenseof□oodness,whichcan□e□urt□r□danddevel□pedth□oughproperguida□ceand□duc□tio□□Xunzi,ano□h□□Confucianphilosop□e□□t□oka□orepe□s□mist□cview,sugges□□ngthathumannat□r□isi□□erentl□selfisha□dtha□moralvirtues□ustbeimposed□h□oughstri□t□ocia□nor□sandinstitutio□s□
Differentph□l□□□phicalsch□o□shaveo□fer□d□a□io□sinte□pre□□t□onsofRenZhaD□BenYuan.InConfu□ianism,□enis□□ena□an□□here□tqualitythatcanbec□l□iv□tedthrougheducatio□,sel□-di□cipline□andmo□al□□actice□M□ncius□aprom□nentConfucianthinker,argu□dthat□umanbeingsarebor□withaninna□es□□seofgoodne□s,□hic□canbenurturedanddevelopedthrough□roper□uid□□cea□□educ□tion.Xu□zi,anothe□Conf□ci□nphilos□phe□,tookamorepessimisti□□iew,s□g□□stingthat□umannature□s□nh□□ently□elfis□and□hatmoralvirtuesmu□tbeimpo□edthroughstrictsocial□ormsandi□□titutions.
... 详情
□□fferentphilo□ophica□schoolshave□fferedvariousinte□preta□□onsofR□n□ha□eBe□Yuan.InConfuc□□nism,Renisseenas□nin□ere□tqu□litythatca□becultiva□e□thr□ugheducati□□,self-□iscipline,andmoralpractice□Men□ius,□prominentC□nfucianth□n□er,arguedt□ath□manbe□ngs□rebo□nwithaninnat□sen□eof□ood□ess,wh□chcanbenurtureda□□develope□t□r□ughpro□ergu□da□□eandeduca□i□n.□u□zi,ano□□erConf□c□anphilo□op□□r,tooka□or□pessimisticview,sugg□stingthath□man□atur□i□i□herent□y□elfishan□thatmor□lvirtuesmu□tbeimp□se□through□tric□social□ormsandinstitution□.
□p>Differentphilosophic□ls□hoolshaveof□eredvariousinterpret□ti□n□ofR□nZhaD□BenYuan.InConfucia□is□,Ren□sseena□aninherentq□a□itythatca□becu□tivat□d□hro□gh□du□ation,s□lf-□□scipli□e,andmoral□ractice□Mencius,apromine□□Conf□cianthinker,□r□uedthathumanbeingsarebornwithan□□□atesen□eofgoodness,whichcanbenurtu□edanddev□lopedthroughpr□perg□idan□eande□□catio□.Xunzi,a□□the□□onfuci□nphil□sopher,tookam□repessimisticvi□w□suggestingthathu□annat□reisinherentlyse□fishan□□hatm□ralvir□ues□ustbeimpose□throug□stric□socialn□□msandinstitutions.Different□hilosophicalschoo□shaveofferedvar□ou□□nterpr□tati□ns□fR□□□h□DeBenYuan.InC□nfu□□a□ism,R□n□sseenasani□herentqualit□th□tcan□ecu□tivatedthroug□edu□a□□□n,self-disci□line,and□□ra□prac□ice.Me□cius,aprominen□Confucianthink□r,arguedt□athumanb□□□gsare□ornwitha□inna□e□□nseof□□□d□ess,whichca□b□n□rtur□dandde□eloped□hro□ghpropergui□anc□andedu□ati□n.Xun□□□anotherC□nfucianphilosopher,tooka□orep□ssi□isticview,□uggestingthathuma□natureisinherentlyselfisha□□tha□mora□virt□esmustbeimposedthroug□st□i□tsocialnormsand□nsti□□□io□s.<□p>Differen□philoso□hicalschoo□shaveoffe□edvar□ousin□□rpretationso□Ren□haDe□en□uan.InCon□ucian□sm□Re□iss□□nasan□nh□r□ntq□ali□ytha□ca□bec□□tivat□dt□rough□ducation,self-di□cipl□ne,□n□mor□lpractic□.Me□cius,apromine□tConfu□i□□thinker□□□□ue□that□u□anb□ingsarebo□nwithaninna□esenseof□oodness,whichcan□e□urt□r□danddevel□pedth□oughproperguida□ceand□duc□tio□□Xunzi,ano□h□□Confucianphilosop□e□□t□oka□orepe□s□mist□cview,sugges□□ngthathumannat□r□isi□□erentl□selfisha□dtha□moralvirtues□ustbeimposed□h□oughstri□t□ocia□nor□sandinstitutio□s□
Differentph□l□□□phicalsch□o□shaveo□fer□d□a□io□sinte□pre□□t□onsofRenZhaD□BenYuan.InConfu□ianism,□enis□□ena□an□□here□tqualitythatcanbec□l□iv□tedthrougheducatio□,sel□-di□cipline□andmo□al□□actice□M□ncius□aprom□nentConfucianthinker,argu□dthat□umanbeingsarebor□withaninna□es□□seofgoodne□s,□hic□canbenurturedanddevelopedthrough□roper□uid□□cea□□educ□tion.Xu□zi,anothe□Conf□ci□nphilos□phe□,tookamorepessimisti□□iew,s□g□□stingthat□umannature□s□nh□□ently□elfis□and□hatmoralvirtuesmu□tbeimpo□edthroughstrictsocial□ormsandi□□titutions.